![]() ![]() Many conservative commentators have praised Reagan and Bush for substantially contributing to the fall of communism. Bush to thaw the Cold War.īy December 1991, the Soviet Union had dissolved and Gorbachev had resigned the Commonwealth of Independent States had replaced the Soviet Union. He had also worked with Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev had worked to change the Soviet Union through the doctrines of perestoika (restructuring) and glasnost (opening). The Soviet Union itself, for decades the most powerful adversary of the United States, had been undergoing fundamental political changes throughout the 1980s, shaking its communist foundations. By spring of 1990, liberal political actors had wrested the governments of Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Lithuania, and Romania from the hands of communist leaders. Earlier in 1989, Hungary and Austria had opened their border. This episode, although memorable, was not the first or last in the relatively swift collapse of communism. Since 1961, the Berlin Wall had stood as a symbolic barrier between the East and West, between communism and democracy: its fall reflected changing international relations. The jubilant scene illustrated the great changes taking place with the ending of the Cold War. Thousands of Germans, from both East and West Germany, climbed over the wall and began to dismantle it with shovels and hammers. On November 9, 1989, East Germany fully opened its borders, including the imposing gate at the Berlin Wall. New York: Crown Publishing Group, 2017.The Berlin Wall falls, marking the symbolic end of Communist rule in Eastern Europe. Portraits of Courage: A Commander in Chief's Tribute to America's Warriors. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1999. All of his other books have been published during his post-presidency. Bush published his first book in 1999 while Governor of Texas. Press briefings from the Bush Administration can be found on the archived White House website. Where can I find press briefings from the Administration of President George W. The Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States (the public messages, speeches, and statements – oral and written) may be located at the Office of the Federal Register and at the American Presidency Project. Bush's public speeches may be found on the archived White House website. Where can I find a speech given by President George W. Bush may be found on the archived White House website, the National Archives and Records Administration, and at the American Presidency Project. The Executive Orders issued by President George W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum, visit To research the textual and Audiovisual archives and museum collections that document the life and times of the 41st President of the United States, visit Where can I find Executive Orders issued by President George W. Bush's Presidential Library and Museum is located in Dallas, while his father's is located in College Station, Texas. Is this the same Library for both Presidents George W. Because of the large number of requests and other obligations, submission of a request does not guarantee acceptance. Bush at Events should be at least 6 months from the date of request. Use this online form to invite the President or contact the Office of George W. General Inquiries: do I invite President George W. Send all other correspondence, including requests for congratulatory, Eagle Scout attainment, and autograph photographs, to the Office of George W. Requests for military retirement or honor acknowledgment letters may be submitted online. ![]() Bush signed into effect the Indian Education Executive Order during a signing ceremony on Apin the Old Executive Office Building. ![]()
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